TANCHAYEBAOZHUANGSHEJIDEWENHUAXING

　　WENHUASHIRENLEILISHISHIJIANGUOCHENGZHONGSUOCHUANGZAOWUZHICAIFUHEJINGSHENCAIFUDEZONGHE。JINGJIXUEJIADUSEN·BAIRUI（J·Dusenbery）SHUO：“ZAIRENLEISHEJIDEGEZHONGHUODONGZHONG，DOUKEYIZHAODAOWENHUADEJUEDINGXINGYINGXIANG，……BUGUANSHICHANPINDEGOUMAI，HAISHICHANPINDEZHIZAOYUXIAOSHOU；BUGUANSHITIGONGWUZHISHANGDETUJING，HAISHIJINGSHENSHANGDEXIANGSHOU，DOUGOUCHENGLEWOMENDESHENGHUOFANGSHI。”ERSHIYISHIJIDEBAOZHUANG，JIYOUJIANDANDEBAOHU、RONGNAGONGNENG，FAZHANCHENGWEIGOUTONGSHENGCHANYUXIAOFEIDEQIAOLIANG，BAOZHUANGSHEJIZUOWEIYIZHONGZHONGYAODEWENHUAXIANXIANG，YICHENGWEIRENLEIJINGJIHUODONGZHONGDEZIJUEXINGWEI，ZAIQIFAZHANGUOCHENGZHONGYIYOUGUOQUDECHANPINBAOZHUANGSHENGHUAWEIDANGJINDEWENHUABAOZHUANG。RONGGONGYESHENGCHAN、KEXUEJISHU、WENHUAYISHU、MINSUFENGMAODENGDUOZHONGYUANSUWEIYITIDEBAOZHUANG，BUJINKEYIBAOHU、XUANCHUANSHANGPIN，GENGKEYICUXIAOSHANGPINHETIGAOSHANGPINDEFUJIAJIAZHI。

　　ZHONGGUOSHICHAYEDEGUXIANG，SHISHIJIECHASHUDEYUANSHENGDI。ZHONGGUOXIANMINDUICHADEFAXIAN，RUOYISHENNONGCHANGBAICAOERZHENGMINGCHAKEJIEDUDECHUANSHUOSUANQI，QIJINYIYOU5000DUONIAN；RUCONGXIZHOUCHUNIAN《ERYA》ZHONGYOUGUANCHAZIDEJIZAISUANQI，YIYOU3000DUONIANDELISHILE。YINCI，KEYIDUANYAN，CHABANSUIZHERENLEIRICHANGSHENGHUODESHIJIAN，SHITONGZHONGHUAMINZUGULAOERGUANGHUICANLANDEWENMINGSHIYIYANGYOUJIU。ZHEISHISHIJIESHANGRENHEGUOJIAHEMINZUDOUWUFAYUZHIBINIDE。

　　TANGCHAOLUYUSUOZHU《CHAJING》YISHU，SHI“TIANXIAYIZHIYINCHAYI”，KAICHUANGSHIJIEZUIZAODECHAXUE，SHIZHONGHUACHAWENHUAFAZHANSHISHANGDEYIGEWEIDADELICHENGBEI。CHAJINGGUOJIDUCHENFU，CONGCICHENGWEIZHONGHUAMINZUDEZHUYAOYINPIN，BINGQIEZAOYICHAOCHUZHIKEDEFANCHOU，SHENTOUJINZHONGHUAWENHUAZHIZHONG，YANSHENGCHUMENLEIFANZADEWENXUEYUYISHUZHIHUA。

　　CHABINGTIANDIZHIQINGZHIQI，QUENENGRANGRENZAIFANZADECHENSHIZHONGHUODEPIANKEQINGXIAN，SUOYITASHENSHOUWENRENMOKEDEZANSHANG，BINGCHANGYIHUIHUA、SHICI、GEFUDENGXINGSHILAIBIAODAPINCHADEQINGQU，SHICHAWENHUAGENGJIAXUANLIDUOCAI。WENZHIMINGWEICHAERZUO《PINQUANTU》；SUDONGPOGENGSHILIUXIA“CONGLAIJIAMINGSIJIAREN”DEQIANGUJUECHANG；ZHENGBANQIAOYEYINCIGANTAN：“CONGLAIMINGSHINENGPINGSHUI，ZIGUGAOSENGSHOUDOUCHA”。KEJIANCHAZAOYIJUBEIWENHUADEPINWEI。

　　ZHENGYINRUCI，ZUOWEICHAZHEIYITESHUSHANGPINDEBAOZHUANGGENGYINGTIXIANQIWENHUADETEXING。

　　ZHONGSUOZHOUZHI，BAOZHUANGSHEJIDEZHONGYAOGONGNENGBIANSHIYINQIYUDINGGOUWUZHEDEZHUMU，YOUFATAMENDUICHANPINDEYUWANG．YOUFAYUANYUXINLI，ERZHEIZHONGWENHUAXINLIKEYITONGGUOBAOZHUANGDESHIJUESHEJIYUYIBIAOXIAN。CHAYEBAOZHUANGZUOWEITEBIESHANGPINYUXIAOFEIZHEZHIJIANDEXINXINIUDAI，DUIQIWENHUAXINGDEYAOQIUGENGXIANDETUCHU。HAODECHAYEBAOZHUANGBUJINKEYITIGAOXIAOSHOUFENE，GENGKEYITISHENGPINPAIXINGXIANG，SHIWOGUOCHUANTONGDECHAWENHUADEYIGENGGUANGFANDECHUANBO。

　　BAOZHUANGSHEJIYIBANLIBUKAITUXINGSHEJI，SHEJISHIJIEZHUSHEJIYINSUSUOZUHEDESHIJUETUXING，YINGDANGYITUXINGDEYINYINENGFOUBIAODACHUXIAOFEIZHEDUISHANGPINLIXIANGJIAZHIDEYAOQIULAIQUEDINGTUXINGDE“ZIYI”XINGSHI。YEJIUSHISHUO、YIKAOTUXINGDEYINYILAIHONGTUOZIYIDEGANRANLI，YICUSHIXIAOFEIZHEDEXINLILIANXIANG，QIANDONGRENDEGANQINGERJIQIGOUMAIYUWANG。

　　CHASULAIYUWENRENYASHIYOUBUJIEZHIYUAN，ZAINEIYINYUNDENUANXIANGZHONG，YONGYUANLIUCUNZHEZUIYOUJINGDECHAZHIJIYI，YINCIGUYOUSHIYUN：“CIWUQINGGAOSHIMOZHI”。RUOYAOYINGZAOCHU“QINGGAO”DEFENWEI，DANGRANFEIZHONGGUOHUAMOSHU。ZHONGGUOHUASHIZHONGHUAMINZUCANLANWENHUAGUIBAO，TAYUANWUJIQING，WUWOLIANGWANG，YICHAORANDEYIJIANG，FEILINGYUWANXIANGZHISHANG，ZAIZHUKEGUANJIAOGANZHIZHONGCHANSHENGSHENSUIDEJINGJIE，ZHEIZHONGJINGJIEYUCHAWENHUASUOYUCHUANDADECHAORANTUOSUYIJINGZHENGHAOWENHE。YINCIZAIXIANDAICHAYEBAOZHUANGSHEJIZHONG，YIGUOHUAZUOWEIZHUTITUXINGDEHENDUO。RU“WENSHANBAOZHONGCHA”DEBAOZHUANG，QITUXINGSIGUOHUAZHONGDEXIEYI，QUWENSHANDIQULIANMIANBUDUANDECHASHANWEISUCAI，YIBIDAIGUO，JIANLVEDEBUNENGZAIJIANLVE，QUESHIMIAOBISHENGHUA，SHENGDONGZIRAN。

　　DANGRAN，BINGFEIZHIYOUGUOHUACAINENGZHANSHICHAWENHUA，QITADETUXINGZHIYAOQIERUSHANGPINSHUXING，ZHAOYANGNENGTIXIANWENHUAPINWEI。RU“ZHANGJICHAZHUANG”DEBAOZHUANGJIUJIANGXINDUYUN，SUXIEXINGSHIDELIUNIAOREN，YIXIZHANGPAOMAGUAYOURANZIDE，JIASHANGSHEYINGTUXING——YIZHANGAIWANCHA，YICIYIZHU、YAOXIANGHUYING，JIANGCHAWENHUADETEXINGCONGLINGYIJIAODUZHESHECHULAI。

　　CIWAI，CHOUXIANGDETUXINGSUIMEIYOUZHIJIEDEHANYI，DANRUOYUNYONGQIADANGYIKETIXIANCHAWENHUADETEXING。RUTAIWANSHEJISHIWUJUNZHONGXIANSHENGSUOSHEJIDE“LISHANCHA”XILIEBAOZHUANG，CAIYONGJIANJIEDECHOUXIANGTUXING，BINGYUPINMINGDEBAIDISEKUAICHANSHENGTOUDIEXIAOGUO，POJUSHIDAIGAN，YOUBUSHIKONGLINGZHIQI。YINCI，CHAYEBAOZHUANGDETUXINGSHEJISUOCAIYONGDEXINGSHIKEBUJUYIGE，GUANJIANZAIYUNENGTIXIANQITEYOUDEWENHUAXING。

　　ZAIBAOZHUANGSHEJIZHONG，WENZISHICHUANDASHANGPINXINXIBIBUKESHAODEZUCHENGBUFEN，HAODEBAOZHUANGDOUSHIFENZHONGSHIWENZIDESHEJI，YOUXIUDEWENZISHEJIBUJINNENGCHUANDACHUSHANGPINDESHUXING，GENGNENGYIQIDUTEDESHIJUEXIAOGUOXIYINXIAOFEIZHEDEGUANZHU。

　　ZHONGGUODEWENZIYUANYUANLIUZHANG，JINGGUOLISHIDECHUILIAN，SUIYUEDEZHUOMO，SHIHANZIBENSHENJIYIJUBEILEXINGXIANGZHIMEIERDADAOYISHUDEJINGJIE。HANZISHUFATISHIZHONGGUOWENZIDEYIZHONGSHUXIEXINGSHI，SHIZHONGHUAMINZUWENHUADEJINGSUI，TABAOKUOJIAGUWEN、ZHUANSHU、LISHU、KAISHU、CAOSHU、XINGSHUJIDALEIXING。YOUYUMINZUDEXINSHANGXIGUAN，DUICHUANTONGSHUFATIYOUZHEJIQIANGDEJIESHOUNENGLIJIXIHAOCHENGDU，QISHIJUEXIAOGUOYICHENGWEISHEJIMINZUFENGGEDEYIZHONGXINGSHITEZHENG。

　　CHAWENHUAYUHANZISHUFAJUNSHIZHONGHUAMINZUZHIHUIDEXIANGZHENG，TAMENZHIJIANBENSHENJIUZAOYIYOUZHEMIQIEDELIANXI，CONGHANWENZIZHONGDEDIYIGE“CHA”ZICHUXIAN，JIUSHIYOUSHUFAZITISHUXIE，YINCIYONGSHUFAZITIZUOWEICHAYEBAOZHUANGDESHIJUEYUANSUDEQUESHIQIADAOHAOCHU。RUGUOJIPINPAICHAYE——LIDUNHONGCHA，ZAIXINTUICHUDECHABAOXILIEZHONG，QIZHONGYIKUANWEIZHONGGUOFENGWEICHA，WEILECHONGFENZHANXIANLIDUNDEGUOJIXINGXINGXIANG，QUEYOUBUZHISHILIDUNYUZHONGGUOCHAYOUGEGEBURUDEGANSHOU，TEYI“MINGXIANQING”ZUOWEIFUPINPAIMING，QIEYIMAOBISHUXIEQIPINMING，DONGFANGQINGDIAO，SHENSHOUZHONGXIFANGRENSHIDEZANSHANG。

　　SHUFAZITIYINGYONGDAOCHAYEBAOZHUANGSHEJIZHONGBINGFEISUIBIANBANGUOLAIJIKESHIYONG，BIXUJINGGUOFANFUTUIQIAOJIJIAGONGSHEJI。YIBANLAISHUO、LISHU、KAISHU、XINGSHUYUYINSHUAZITIJIEJIN，RONGYISHIBIE，JIAGUWENYUZHUANSHUYUANYUXIANGXING，YOUHUIHUADEFENGYUN，ZITIJIEGOUBUTONGYUKAISHU，BIANSHILVBUGAO，SHEJISHIDESHENYONGWEIHAO。SHUFAZITIZHONGBUTONGDEMENPAIYOUBUTONGDEFENGGE、RUKAISHUZHONGYANZHENGQINGSHUXIONGJINGHUNHOU，LIUGONGQUANZEQINGAOLINGXIU；XINGSHUZHONGWANGXIZHISHIXIAOSAPIAOYI，MIDIQUEZHIPOQINGXIN。LINGWAI，ZHONGGUOSHUFAYOUYUZHI、BI、MOSANZHONGTESHUDESHUXIEGONGJU，GENGKECHANSHENGQIANBIANWANHUADETEBIEXIAOGUO，WEIBAOZHUANGSHEJITIGONGLEGENGDUODESHIJUEGANSHOU。

　　HANZIZITIHAIBAOKUOYINSHUAZITIDENG，YINSHUAZITISHIJIBENZITI，ZIXINGZHENGQI、QINGXIYIBIAN，QIZHONGDESONGTIHEFANGSONGTIZUINENGCHUANDA“WENHUA”QIYUN，JIANGQIYUNYONGZAICHAYEBAOZHUANGSHANGTONGYANGKETIXIANCHAWENHUADECHAORANZITAI。

　　CIWAI，YAOSHICHAYEBAOZHUANGGENGFUYOUWENHUAQIXI，HAILIBUKAISECAIDEXUANRAN。CHANGYAN“YUANKANSECAIJINKANHUA”，SECAIZAISHIJUEYISHUZHONGCHANGCHANGJUYOUXIANSHENGDUORENDELILIANG，TASHIMEIGANZHONGZUIPUJIDEXINGSHI，JIYIYINQIRENDEQINGGANFANYINGYUBIANHUA。YINCI，BAWOZHUBAOZHUANGSHEJIZHONGDESECAI，YIJIZHUAZHULEXIAOFEIZHEDEQINGGAN。

　　RENDUISECAIJUYOUZHUGUANGANQINGHEKEGUANGANQING，YINCIBUTONGDESECAIYOUBUTONGDELIANXIANG，RULVSEXIANGZHENGXIWANGYUSHENGMING；LANSEZHANSHICHENJINGYUQINGSHUANG；HONGSEZETIXIANCHENZHEYUWENJIANDENGDENG，SHEJISHIZHIYOUDUISECAIYOUCHONGFENDERENSHI，DUISHANGPINSHUXINGYOUJIDUDELEJIE，CAINENGJIAYUMEIDEYANSE。

　　BUTONGDECHAYEYEJIRENBUTONGDEGANSHOU，LVCHAQINGXINXIANSHUANG；HONGCHAQIANGLIECHUNHOU；HUACHAQINGXIANGWEICHUN；QINGCHAFUYUQINGYOU。ZHEIXIETEBIEDEPINZHIDEYONGXIANGYIDESECAICAINENGCHONGFENTIXIAN。RU“ZHANGJICHAZHUANG”DEBAOZHUANGSECAIJUYOUFEICHANGZHUNQUEDEDINGWEI，LVCHABAOZHUANGCAIYONGLVSEXI，HONGCHABAOZHUANGCAIYONGHONGSEXI，ZHEISHIXIAOFEIZHEYIMULERAN。“YECHAWANG”XILIEBAOZHUANGDESECAILINGGANLAIYUANYUMINJIANQINGHUADESEDIAO，LANSEWEIZHUDIAO，JIASHANGXIAOMIANJIDELVSE，TONGYANGZHANSHILESHANGPINLVCHADESHUXING，YIJICHAWENHUATEYOUDERUYAHEGUANGYUAN。

　　CHASHIZUIQIHEZIRANZHIWU，TAYOUYOUJIUDELISHI，GENGJUSHENHOUDEDIYUN。YOURENSHUO，CHANAISHANGCANGFUYUZHONGHUAMINZUDEENCI，SHISHUBUWEIYANGUO。ZAISUIYUEDEZHANGHEZHONG，CHADEQINGXIANGHEGAOYAYUZHONGHUAMINZUDEGEXINGXIANGJIEHE，BINGCHENGWEIKEHUA“ZHONGGUO”DEZHONGYAOXINGXIANG。WOGUOCHAYEZHONGZHIMIANJISHIJIEDIYI，ZONGCHANLIANGJUSHIJIEDIER，SHISHIJIECHAYEDAGUO，RUOYAOCHAYEYOUHAODESHICHANG，BAOZHUANGDEZERENYIBURONGCI，YINCIZUOWEIBAOZHUANGSHEJISHIBUJINYAOSHICHAYEBAOZHUANGSHEJIYOUPIAOLIANGDEWAIBIAO，GENGYINGSHISHEJITUCHUCHAWENHUADETEXING，ZHIYOUZHEIYANGCAINENGSHIWOGUODECHAYEBAOZHUANGSHEJIZOUXIANGXINDEHUIHUANG。（YIMING）